Ceiling construction



Patented `Fully 17, 1934 ITE' STATES CEILING CONSTRUCTION .lol1n-E. Wilson, Chicago, Ill., assignor to'Industrial Patents Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a' corporation of Delaware Application November 5, 1932, Serial No. 641,3-94

2 Claims.

The invention relates to the producing of compartment defining structures having ceilings and wall parts or sections composed of assembled slabs made largely of material particularly suited for 5 insulating against the transfer of heat or cold therethrough.

The present invention has as an object thereof the providing of a construction whereby and according to which slabs formed of granulated or shredded cork or other suitable divided materialfor example, either ground vegetable cork or cork in the form of crushed or shredded rock wool,- and suitable binding material can be xedly secured and held in place in a relatively rm and permanent manner to masonry structure provided for dening the main or backing portion of the ceiling or the main or backing portion of the vertical walls to which the slabs are applied. This desired end is preferably obtained by assembling the slabs in position after the edges and wall-engaging portions thereof have been dipped in or coated with hot asphalt, by applying mechanical securing means in the form of metal tying members in a manner whereby the mechanical securing means can support, secure and hold the slabs engaged thereby in place, and byl the pouring or depositing of wet concrete or suit- Yable cementtious material in appropriate forms in a manner to provide an ultimately hard concrete structure which will serve as the body or backing portions of the ceiling and walls and whereby said concrete when set will have portions of the mechanical securing means or members thereof embedded rmly therein in a manner so that in the resulting structure the slabs are held in place by the mechanical holding action of the mechanical securing or metal tying mem,- bers. The depositing of the wet concrete against the asphalt coated backs of the slabs also effects in the resulting structure a rm adhesive bond between the concrete and the asphalt layer which has a firm adhesion with the backs of the slabs coated thereby, but passage of time causes a weakening of the adhesive bond of the asphalt permitting the slabs to fall away. The mechanical connection which is the subject matter of the present invention efectually holds the slabsin place throughout their life. Applicant believes he is the first to construct a wall having these structural characteristics.

As illustrating certain specic manners in which the invention may be realized, reference is made to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specication, and in which drawing:

Figure 1 is a sectional view illustrative of a por- (Cl. 'l2-101) tion of a'cold storage warehouse compartment wherein the main or backing portion of the structure is provided by concrete and to the ceiling and wall portions of which structure there is applied a layer of insulating material provided by slabs formed from ground cork or the like as the main heat insulating material thereof.

Figs. 2 and 2a are side and plan views of a mechanical holding member or metal tying member of a form suitable to be employed in carrying out the invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of a slab formed of cork providing the main insulating material and which is bound together by suitable binding material and shaped so as to provide the desired slab for use in carrying out the invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken as on the line 4 4 of Figure 1 or line 4P4a of Figure l, looking in the direction of the arrows, and typifles how the cork slabs of Figure 3 may be secured in place Z5 to either the ceiling portion or the wall portions of the compartment shown in Figure 1. From this Figure 4, it will be noted that the mechanicalholding members of Figures 2 and 2a enter the cork slabs and extend to and are embedded in @il the concrete backing material and also in this Figure 4, there is indicated the layer of asphalt which was applied while hot to the cork so as to provide tight joints between the adjacent edges of the different cork slabs and to the back or concrete-engaging surfaces of the cork slab so as to provide an adhesive binding medium between the cork slabs on the one hand and the concrete on the other hand.

Reference will now be made to the drawing in detail and in this connection, it will be noted that similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout the entire specification:

A portion of a room or compartment of a cold storage warehouse or analogous structure is designated by 1 in Figure 1. Thereirr it will be observed that the ceiling and wall portions 2 and 3 thereof are insulated by layers 4 and 5 formed of preformed slabs 6 assembled so as to provide the desired insulating layers. These preformed slabs 6 are made up of granulated or shredded cork or similar heat insulating material and which insulating material is held together by suitable binding material.

In Figures 2 and 2a, there is provided a me- 105 chanical holding member or tying member 7 which has a cork screw end 8 whereby the holding member can be secured in place by screwing the same into back portions of the slab, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, so that there will extend rear- 11,0

wardly from the slabs portions 9 that have lateral arms or extensions 10 whereby concrete can hold these projecting ends firmly embedded therein in a manner to firmly and mechanically hold and tie the slabs into which these members are screwed in place relative to the concrete.

In carrying out the invention, the slabs are preferably preformed and a layer of hot asphalt or like material is applied as by dipping the slabs into the hot asphalt or b y applying the asphalt in any other suitable manner; the mechanical holdingy members are applied to the cork slabs either before or after the hot asphalt has been applied; the slabs are assembled in place as by the use of suitable forms or supports; and the concrete or other cementitious body or backing material is poured or deposited as by the employment of suitable forms indicated as at F in Figure l. However, before depositing the concrete, it is advisable to install any reinforcing bars, inserts, conduits for electric wiring, et cetera, which may be desired in the structure, and in fact l it may be advisable to apply the mechanical hold- Cil ing means to the slabs after any reinforcing bars, inserts, conduits or other desired structural features have been inserted in place but before the concrete is deposited. After the concrete has been poured or otherwise deposited, time is allowed for it to set after which any forms to be removed are taken away leaving the cork supported or held in place on or in respect to the concrete slab or backing construction thus provided. The construction just described results in a relatively continuous layer of heat insulating cork which is held in place to the concrete structure mechanically through the functioning of the metal holding or tying members and also due to the functioning eect of the asphalt layer which serves as a binding medium because of the asphalt adhering to the cork and because the resulting concrete in turn adheres to the asphalt.

The type of cork slab suitable for use in connection with this type of insulation can be placed in two general classifications; first, vegetable cork, and, second, mineral or rock cork. In respect to slabs formed of vegetable cork, it will be noted that the cork is granulated and the particles are held together by a suitable binder. The'slabs thus made may be 12 inches wide and 36 inches long and they may vary in thickness from 1/2 of an inch to 6 inches, as may be required. Applicant preferably uses these slabs in thicknesses of 2, 3 and 4 inches. As to slabs of mineral or rock cork, Athey are made rst by dstintegrating, grinding or shredding the rock material as slag or limestone, thereby forming for example rock wool or mineral Wool, employing suitable binding material and then forming the same into slabs, as above described,'in re-.

spect to vegetable cork slabs. The mechanical holding members are preferably made of metal as this is relatively permanent and will not deteriorate in such uses as this invention is particularly applicable. However, it is desirable in structures of this type to have these tying and holding members made of a material which will withstand conditions which otherwise might tend to lead to deterioration or decay. It is also desirable to make them of a character such that they will not be easily broken during the placing of the concrete.

What is claimed is:

l. In a chamber section for resisting the transfer of heat or cold, a slab of insulating material, metal Wire tying members provided with a corkscrew portion imbedded in the slab and a concrete structure resulting from the depositing of wet concrete in contact with the slab and allowing the deposited concrete to set under conditions whereby there results a chamber section comprising the slab on the one hand and the resulting hard concrete structure on the other hand and whereby a rm bonding or tying together exists between the slab and the hard concrete structure because of parts of the metal tying members projecting from the slab and bent at an angle are embedded in the hard concrete.

2. A chamber section constructed for resisting the transfer of heat and cold, which section comprises assembling preformed slabs, which slabs comprise granulated or shredded cork as the main heat insulating material and suitable binding material, the adjacent edges and the backs of which assembled slabs are coated with asphalt applied while in a hot liquid condition, metal holding members having corkscrew like portions inserted into said slabs and which are secured to said slabs in such a manner as to leave portions of the holding members that extend rearwardly behind the backs of said slabs and are bent at an angle thereto, and a concrete structure into which said extended portions of said holding members extend and within which said extended portions of said holding members are firmly embedded, said concrete structure having been formed by depositing wet concrete in direct contact with the layer of asphalt, whereby the resulting hard concrete adheres to the layer of asphalt which in turn adheres to the cork slabs.

JOHN E. WILSON. 

